Exploring the Coriolis Force: Throwing a Ball Inwards on a Merry-Go-Round

In summary, when a ball is thrown inwards on a merry-go-round, the Coriolis force causes its path to curve due to the slower velocity of the disk at lower radii. The angular momentum of the ball may also contribute to this force. To explain this curved path, one must consider the inertial forces of Coriolis and centrifugal forces. However, it is easier to calculate the trajectory in the external stationary frame. The conservation of angular momentum may not apply in a non-inertial frame of reference.
  • #1
aaaa202
1,169
2
Imagine I stand on a merry-go-round and throw a ball inwards towards the center. The path will make a curve due to the coriolis force. I want to know what explains this.
If the ball is thrown inwards, the velocity of the disk gets slower and slower the lower radius as seen from our frame of reference. This will make the ball faster than the rotation.
But at the same time, the balls angular momentum should also be conserved, and thus that should also make the velocity greater. Do both these things then contribute to the coriolis force?
 
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  • #2
I thought the path merely appears curved because the merry go round is spinning. Isn't it going in a straight line?
 
  • #3
Not if you see it from the merry-go-rounds point of view. If you are looking from an inertial frame yes. Thats how I think it is.
 
  • #4
If you're in the rotating frame and want to explain the weird curved path taken by the ball as you see it, you have to invoke the inertial forces, i.e Coriolis and centrifugal forces. But if you do that and calculate where the ball should go while under the influence of those forces, you should predict the trajectory correctly, in reference to your rotating coordinates.

It just so happens that in the external stationary frame, the calculation is much easier to do, and the trajectory is relatively trivial. If you really want to do it in the rotating frame, however, you can.
 
  • #5
aaaa202 said:
But at the same time, the balls angular momentum should also be conserved...
Who say that angular momentum should be conserved in a non inertial frame of reference?
 

Related to Exploring the Coriolis Force: Throwing a Ball Inwards on a Merry-Go-Round

What is the Coriolis force?

The Coriolis force is an inertial force that acts on objects moving in a rotating reference frame, such as a merry-go-round. It causes objects to deviate from a straight path and appear to curve. This force is caused by the rotation of the Earth and is responsible for many phenomena, such as the rotation of hurricanes and the direction of ocean currents.

How does the Coriolis force affect objects on a merry-go-round?

The Coriolis force can be observed on a merry-go-round when objects, such as a ball, are thrown inwards towards the center. Due to the rotation of the merry-go-round, the ball will appear to curve to the right (in the Northern Hemisphere) or to the left (in the Southern Hemisphere). This is because the ball retains its initial velocity while the merry-go-round rotates underneath it, causing the ball's path to appear curved.

Why does the Coriolis force only affect objects moving inwards on a merry-go-round?

The Coriolis force only affects objects moving inwards on a merry-go-round because it is a result of the object's inertia combined with the rotation of the reference frame. When an object is moving outwards on a merry-go-round, its initial velocity is opposite to the direction of rotation, canceling out the effect of the Coriolis force.

Is the Coriolis force a real force?

No, the Coriolis force is not a real force in the traditional sense. It is a fictitious force that appears to act on objects in a rotating reference frame. It is a result of the object's inertia combined with the rotation of the reference frame, rather than a physical force acting on the object.

How does the Coriolis force impact other phenomena besides objects on a merry-go-round?

The Coriolis force has a significant impact on many natural phenomena, including the rotation of hurricanes, the direction of ocean currents, and the formation of cyclones in the atmosphere. It also affects the flight paths of airplanes and the trajectories of missiles. Understanding the Coriolis force is essential for accurately predicting and analyzing these phenomena.

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