Expectation values and operators.

In summary, the conversation discusses the differences between the expectation value of an operator and the product of the expectation values of its individual components. The calculation for the expectation value of the operator \tilde{p}^{n}\tilde{y}^{m} is not the same as the product of the expectation values of \tilde{p}^{n} and \tilde{y}^{m}. The speaker suggests writing out the operator in the position basis and then determining \hat p^n(y^m \Psi) to calculate the expectation value.
  • #1
wads
1
0
i'm just not sure on this little detail, and its keeping me from finishing this problem.

take the arbitrary operator [tex]\tilde{p}^{n}\tilde{y}^{m}[/tex] where p is the momentum operator , and x is the x position operator

the expectation value is then <[tex]\tilde{p}^{n}\tilde{y}^{m}[/tex] >

is this the same as <[tex]\tilde{p}^{n}[/tex]> <[tex]\tilde{y}^{m}[/tex]>?

if not, how would i go about calculating <[tex]\tilde{p}^{n}\tilde{y}^{m}[/tex] >?
 
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  • #2
In general, they are not the same. The expectation value of an operator [itex]\hat A[/itex] is
[tex]\int \Psi^*(x) \hat A(x) \Psi(x) \, \mathrm{d}x[/tex]
where [itex]\Psi(x)[/itex] is your wavefunction (assuming you are talking QM here).
In this case,
[tex]\int \Psi^*(x) \hat p^n \hat y^m \Psi(x) \, \mathrm{d}x
\neq
\left( \int \Psi^*(x) \hat p^n \Psi(x) \, \mathrm{d}x \right)
\left( \int \Psi^*(x) \hat y^m \Psi(x) \, \mathrm{d}x \right).
[/tex]
You could write out [itex]\hat p[/itex] in the position basis and work out what [itex]\hat p^n(y^m \Psi)[/itex] looks like.
 

Related to Expectation values and operators.

1. What is an expectation value?

An expectation value is the average value of a physical quantity that is predicted by a quantum mechanical system. It is calculated by taking the sum of all possible outcomes of a measurement, multiplied by the probability of each outcome occurring.

2. How are expectation values and operators related?

Expectation values are calculated using operators, which are mathematical representations of physical observables such as position, momentum, and energy. The expectation value of an operator represents the average value of that observable for a given quantum state.

3. What is the significance of expectation values in quantum mechanics?

Expectation values are important in quantum mechanics because they allow us to make predictions about the behavior of a quantum system. They provide a way to calculate the average value of a physical quantity, which can then be compared to experimental measurements.

4. How do expectation values change with different quantum states?

The expectation value of an operator can vary depending on the quantum state of the system. For example, the expectation value for the position operator will be different for a particle in a ground state compared to a particle in an excited state. This reflects the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics.

5. Can expectation values be measured directly?

No, expectation values cannot be measured directly. They are theoretical values that represent the average of all possible measurement outcomes. However, experimental measurements can be used to verify the predictions made by expectation values.

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