The process of enthalpy change of ice to vapor is called sublimation. It is the direct transition of a substance from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state.
The enthalpy change of ice to vapor is caused by the absorption of heat energy. This heat energy breaks the bonds between the molecules of ice, causing them to change from a solid to a gas state.
The enthalpy change of ice to vapor can be measured by using a calorimeter. This device measures the amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction, in this case, the sublimation of ice.
The enthalpy change of ice to vapor plays a crucial role in the water cycle. As water on the Earth's surface is heated by the sun, it evaporates and rises into the atmosphere as water vapor. This water vapor then cools and condenses into clouds, eventually falling back to the earth as precipitation.
The enthalpy change of ice to vapor is represented on a graph by a flat line, indicating that the temperature remains constant during the process of sublimation. The enthalpy of the substance increases as it absorbs heat energy, but the temperature does not change until the entire substance has transformed into vapor.