EMF, or electromotive force, is induced on the secondary coil of a transformer through the process of electromagnetic induction. When the primary coil, which is connected to an alternating current source, creates a changing magnetic field, it induces a voltage on the secondary coil. This voltage is the EMF induced on the secondary coil.
The magnitude of EMF induced on the secondary coil is affected by the number of turns on the secondary coil, the strength of the magnetic field created by the primary coil, and the frequency of the alternating current source. Additionally, the material and size of the transformer's core can also affect the magnitude of induced EMF.
The direction of the induced EMF on the secondary coil is always opposite to the direction of the changing magnetic field created by the primary coil. This is known as Lenz's law and it ensures that the induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change in the magnetic field.
Yes, the EMF induced on the secondary coil can be increased by increasing the number of turns on the secondary coil, increasing the strength of the magnetic field, or increasing the frequency of the alternating current source. Using a higher quality core material can also increase the induced EMF.
The most common application of induced EMF on the secondary coil of a transformer is in power distribution systems. Transformers are used to step-up or step-down the voltage of electricity for efficient transmission and use in homes and buildings. Other applications include wireless charging and induction heating.