Efficiency of engine when non-boundary work done is done?

In summary, the conversation discusses the definition of thermal engine efficiency and whether auxiliary work components, such as work from a fan, should be included in the calculation. The general definition of efficiency is given as the ratio of work produced to energy absorbed, but there is a debate on whether the work from the fan should be included in the denominator. The speaker argues that such auxiliary work components should be subtracted from the numerator of the efficiency equation to better reflect the net work output of the engine.
  • #1
Soren4
128
2
The thermal engine efficiency is defined as
$$\eta = \frac{W_{\mathrm{produced}}}{Q_{\mathrm{absorbed}}}\tag{1}$$
A more general definition of efficiency (not only for thermal machines is) $$\eta = \frac{\mathrm{Work \, produced}}{\mathrm{Energy \, absorbed}}\tag{2}$$
But suppose that, in one of the processes that takes place in the cycle of an engine that works with an ideal gas, work is supplied to the gas, for istance with a fan delivering a certain power. That work is not a "boundary work" but it is supplied to the system by the fan.

That work of the fan (say ##W_{\mathrm{fan}}##) is a form of energy that must be supplied in order to make the engine work, so should it be taken into account in the efficiency? That is should I write, in that case, $$\eta = \frac{W_{\mathrm{produced}}}{Q_{\mathrm{absorbed}}+W_{\mathrm{fan}}}\,?\tag{3}$$

It makes sense but often the definition of efficiency is just ##(1)##, the only thing in denominator is heat and not work. So is ##(3)## the correct form for efficiency for such situations?
 
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  • #2
I think such auxiliary work components are taken out of the W in the numerator. They would be subtracted out of production work because they are a form of non-entropy energy or free energy.

I mean imagine the heat just passed on through and you hooked the fan motor to the heat engine's output shaft. You're getting gross output work and you can scale it up as high as you like using a beefier fan motor so the ratio as you write it can be arbitrarily close to unity. But if you subtract out the input work you get the net work of zero which I think better describes this extreme case.
 

Related to Efficiency of engine when non-boundary work done is done?

1. What is the efficiency of an engine?

The efficiency of an engine is a measure of how well it converts energy into work. It is expressed as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the work output by the energy input.

2. What is non-boundary work in an engine?

Non-boundary work in an engine refers to any work that is done on the system by an external force, such as friction or air resistance. This work is not directly related to the engine's operation and can reduce the efficiency of the engine.

3. How does non-boundary work affect the efficiency of an engine?

Non-boundary work can decrease the efficiency of an engine because it requires additional energy to be put into the system. This energy is not converted into useful work and is therefore wasted, resulting in a lower efficiency.

4. Can non-boundary work be reduced in an engine?

Non-boundary work can be reduced in an engine by minimizing friction and air resistance, which are the main sources of this type of work. This can be achieved through proper lubrication, aerodynamic design, and regular maintenance.

5. How can the efficiency of an engine be improved when non-boundary work is present?

The efficiency of an engine can be improved when non-boundary work is present by using more efficient components, such as high-quality bearings and low-friction materials. Additionally, optimizing the engine's design and reducing operating temperatures can also help to improve efficiency.

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