The dielectric constant, also known as relative permittivity, is a measure of a material's ability to store electric charge and is defined as the ratio of the electric flux density in a vacuum to the electric flux density in the material.
As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of air molecules also increases, causing them to vibrate more vigorously. This increased vibration disrupts the alignment of the molecules, decreasing the dielectric constant of air.
The relationship between the dielectric constant of air and its temperature is inverse. As temperature increases, the dielectric constant decreases and vice versa.
Knowing the dielectric constant of air with temperature change is important in various fields such as electronics, atmospheric science, and material science. It allows for accurate calculations and predictions of electrical properties and behaviors under different temperature conditions.
The dielectric constant of air with temperature change is typically measured using a capacitance-based method where the change in capacitance of a capacitor filled with air is measured at different temperatures. This data is then used to calculate the dielectric constant using the known dimensions of the capacitor and the permittivity of vacuum.