Superconductors lose energy due to a phenomenon called "flux creep" where tiny magnetic fields penetrate the material and cause resistance. This resistance gradually increases over time, leading to the loss of superconductivity.
While superconductors can achieve extremely high levels of efficiency, they can never be 100% lossless. Even in ideal conditions, there will always be some resistance due to factors such as temperature fluctuations and impurities in the material.
External factors can greatly impact the longevity of a superconductor. High temperatures can cause the material to lose its superconducting properties, while strong magnetic fields can disrupt the superconducting state and cause energy loss.
Researchers are constantly exploring ways to improve the energy retention of superconductors. Some methods include using specialized materials, creating layered structures, and applying advanced cooling techniques to maintain low temperatures.
Currently, there is no known way to reverse the loss of energy in a superconductor. Once the material has lost its superconducting properties, it cannot be restored without external intervention, such as cooling the material back to its superconducting state.