ATH 101: Efficiency of Isobaric Expansion for Monatomic and Diatomic Gases

In summary: This is done by taking the ratio of work output to heat input, or W/Qin. In the specific case of an isobaric process where the system goes from volume V to αV, the efficiency can be calculated without knowing the actual value of α as it will cancel out of all expressions. To determine the efficiency for a monatomic gas, the formula E=(3/2)(8.134)T-a/V can be used, while for a diatomic gas, additional variables must be incorporated.
  • #1
pride443
1
0
In a heat engine we ultimately care about the efficiency of the entire cycle. That is,
what percentage of the heat which flows into your system is converted to work. However,
you could certainly ask that same question for an individual step in a cycle. Specifically,
determine the efficiency of an isobaric process which takes a system from a volume V to a
volume αV where α > 1. You will not need to know the actual value of α. In the end, it
will cancel out of all expressions.
a: Do this calculation if the gas is monatomic.
b: Do this calculation if the gas is diatomic.

I'm stuck on trying to incorporate variables beyond

E=(3/2)(8.134)T-a/V
 
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  • #2
pride443 said:
In a heat engine we ultimately care about the efficiency of the entire cycle. That is,
what percentage of the heat which flows into your system is converted to work. However,
you could certainly ask that same question for an individual step in a cycle. Specifically,
determine the efficiency of an isobaric process which takes a system from a volume V to a
volume αV where α > 1. You will not need to know the actual value of α. In the end, it
will cancel out of all expressions.
a: Do this calculation if the gas is monatomic.
b: Do this calculation if the gas is diatomic.

I'm stuck on trying to incorporate variables beyond

E=(3/2)(8.134)T-a/V
Start with the definition of efficiency:

η = output/input = W/Qin

What is Qin for an isobaric expansion from V to αV? What is W? (hint: express each in terms of ΔT)

AM
 

Related to ATH 101: Efficiency of Isobaric Expansion for Monatomic and Diatomic Gases

1. What is a Heat Engine?

A heat engine is a device that converts heat energy into mechanical energy, which can then be used to do work. It follows the principle of thermodynamics and operates on the basis of a cyclic process.

2. How does a Heat Engine work?

A heat engine works by taking in heat energy from a high-temperature source, converting some of it into mechanical energy, and then releasing the remaining heat to a low-temperature sink. This cycle is repeated to produce continuous work.

3. What is Efficiency in relation to Heat Engines?

Efficiency in a heat engine refers to the ratio of the output work to the input heat energy. It is a measure of how well the engine is able to convert heat energy into useful work, and is typically expressed as a percentage.

4. What factors affect the Efficiency of a Heat Engine?

The efficiency of a heat engine is affected by various factors such as the design and materials used, the temperature difference between the source and sink, and the type of cycle used (e.g. Carnot cycle or Otto cycle).

5. How can we improve the Efficiency of a Heat Engine?

To improve the efficiency of a heat engine, it is important to reduce any energy losses, such as through friction or heat leakage. This can be achieved through proper maintenance and design, as well as using efficient materials and technologies. Additionally, using a higher temperature difference between the source and sink can also increase efficiency.

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