Acceleration in non-uniform circular motion

In summary, in a non-uniform circular motion, the centripetal/radial acceleration is never 0 as it is caused by the centripetal force that keeps the body moving in a circular path. However, the tangential acceleration can be 0 at the peak positions of the pendulum, where the bob has 0 speed. At these peak positions, the tangential acceleration is maximal, while the centripetal acceleration is 0. This is because the bob would not move away from the circular path if it remained at these positions.
  • #1
nashsth
16
0
In a non-uniform circular motion (for example a pendulum), can the centripetal/radial acceleration ever be 0? Likewise, can the tangential acceleration ever be 0?

The centripetal acceleration occurs because of the centripetal force, which causes the body (in the example of the pendulum, the bob is the body) to continue moving in its path. So if the centripetal acceleration is 0, then doesn't that imply that the centripetal force is 0, which means that the object would stop going in a circular path? So is it correct to say that the centripetal acceleration is never 0 in a non-uniform circular motion?

As for the tangential acceleration, it is caused by a change in speed of the body. So, in the pendulum example, since the bob has 0 speed at its peak positions, would it have 0 tangential acceleration only at its peak positions?

NOTE: Peak position = the maximum position that a pendulum will attain before swinging down again.
 
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  • #2
I think it's the other way around. Tangential acceleration is maximal at the peak positions and zero at the base position, while centripetal acceleration is zero at the peak positions and maximal at the base. Your reasoning about centripetal acceleration is fine, but doesn't apply when the linear velocity is zero - ie at the peaks - because if the bob remained in that position it would not move away from the circle.
 

Related to Acceleration in non-uniform circular motion

1. What is non-uniform circular motion?

Non-uniform circular motion is the motion of an object moving in a circular path at varying speeds. This means that the object is accelerating, as its velocity is constantly changing in both magnitude and direction.

2. What causes acceleration in non-uniform circular motion?

In non-uniform circular motion, acceleration is caused by a change in the direction of the object's velocity. This change in direction is due to the object's velocity vector constantly pointing towards the center of the circular path.

3. How is acceleration calculated in non-uniform circular motion?

The acceleration in non-uniform circular motion can be calculated using the formula a = v2/r, where a is the acceleration, v is the velocity of the object, and r is the radius of the circular path.

4. Is acceleration constant in non-uniform circular motion?

No, acceleration is not constant in non-uniform circular motion. This is because the object's velocity is constantly changing in both magnitude and direction, causing the acceleration to vary as well.

5. How does centripetal force relate to acceleration in non-uniform circular motion?

In non-uniform circular motion, the acceleration is always directed towards the center of the circular path, which is also the direction of the centripetal force acting on the object. This means that the centripetal force is what causes the acceleration in non-uniform circular motion.

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