What is Aqueous: Definition and 59 Discussions

An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is mostly shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula. For example, a solution of table salt, or sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq). The word aqueous (which comes from aqua) means pertaining to, related to, similar to, or dissolved in, water. As water is an excellent solvent and is also naturally abundant, it is a ubiquitous solvent in chemistry. Aqueous solution is water with a pH of 7.0 where the hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH−) are in Arrhenius balance (10−7).
A non-aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is a liquid, but is not water. (See also Solvent and Inorganic nonaqueous solvent.)
Substances that are hydrophobic ('water-fearing') do not dissolve well in water, whereas those that are hydrophilic ('water-friendly') do. An example of a hydrophilic substance is sodium chloride. Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions.
The ability of a substance to dissolve in water is determined by whether the substance can match or exceed the strong attractive forces that water molecules generate between themselves. If the substance lacks the ability to dissolve in water, the molecules form a precipitate.
Reactions in aqueous solutions are usually metathesis reactions. Metathesis reactions are another term for double-displacement; that is, when a cation displaces to form an ionic bond with the other anion. The cation bonded with the latter anion will dissociate and bond with the other anion.
Aqueous solutions that conduct electric current efficiently contain strong electrolytes, while ones that conduct poorly are considered to have weak electrolytes. Those strong electrolytes are substances that are completely ionized in water, whereas the weak electrolytes exhibit only a small degree of ionization in water.
Nonelectrolytes are substances that dissolve in water yet maintain their molecular integrity (do not dissociate into ions). Examples include sugar, urea, glycerol, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM).
When writing the equations of aqueous reactions, it is essential to determine the precipitate. To determine the precipitate, one must consult a chart of solubility. Soluble compounds are aqueous, while insoluble compounds are the precipitate. There may not always be a precipitate.
When performing calculations regarding the reacting of one or more aqueous solutions, in general one must know the concentration, or molarity, of the aqueous solutions. Solution concentration is given in terms of the form of the solute prior to it dissolving.
Aqueous solutions may contain, especially in the alkaline zone or subjected to radiolysis, hydrated atomic hydrogen and hydrated electrons.

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    Aldehyde Reactivity in Aqueous Base: Mechanism and Species Identification

    Homework Statement In aqueous base, 97% of 2,2-diphenylethanal is present as a species different from the aldehyde, enol or aldol addition or condensation products. What is this species? Please also try to explain the mechanism. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution...
  2. P

    Measuring pH of Aqueous Solutions Containing NaOH

    In the textbook it stated "In aqeous solutions, the concentration of hydronium ions is always related to the concentration of hyroxide ions. Therefore we can still measure or calculate the pH of solutions of bases like NaOH, even though they are not acidic." The book also stated that pH is a...
  3. S

    Florine with water and aqueous Fe2+

    Florine can oxidize water to oxygen and hydrogen floride. When reacts with aqueous Fe2+, water is being oxidized to give hydrogen peroxide and some OF2,(due to the strong oxidizing power of F2?) so the reaction is unsuitable to carried out, right? That means meanwhile Fe2+ is also oxidized to...
  4. B

    Chemistry Moles of ions in aqueous solution

    How many moles and numbers of ions of each type are present in the following aqueous solutions? 3.26 L of a solution containing 6.96 x 10^21 formula units of lithium nitrate per liter I got 1.16e-2 mols of Li and NO3 as well as 6.99e21 ions for each. The software I am using (webassign) says...
  5. Astronuc

    Conference on Water, Steam, and Aqueous Solutions for Electric Power

    – Advances in Science and Technology – Proceeings of the 14th International Conference on the Properties of Water and Steam Editors: Masaru Nakahara, Nobuyuki Matubayasi, Masakatsu Ueno, Kenji Yasuoka and Koichi Watanabe http://www.iapws.jp/proceedings.html Some very useful and...
  6. G

    How Do You Calculate pH for a NaCN and HCN Solution?

    I am stuck on this question...can anyone help? What is the pH after .10 mol NaCN is added to 100 mL of .050 M of HCN? (Ka=6.0x10^-19) I think I have to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation. Is this the right way to take. And if so, how should I go about getting the ion concentration?
  7. P

    Finding major species in aqueous solutions

    Which of the following are correct statements ? a) In an aqueous solution of NH4Cl, H2O, NH4+ and Cl-are the major species present b) In an aqueous solution of NaCH3CO2, H2O, Na+ and HCH3CO2 are the major species present c) In an aqueous solution of HCN, H2O, H3O+...
  8. A

    Alcoholic Ammonia vs Aqueous for Treating Haloalkanes

    Why do we use alcoholic Ammonia not Ammonia only or aqueous ammonia while using it to treat haloalkanes to form primary,secondary or tertiary amines. same for treatment of haloalkanes with alcoholic silver cyanide to form alkyl iso cyanide.why don't we use aqueos AgCN Thanx
  9. D

    Difference Between Aqueous Solution An Dliquid State?

    I heard its somethin to do with H-Bonding...help...
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