Youngs modulus vs Ultimate tensile strength

In summary, the UTS of a material is less than the Young's modulus and this is due to defects in the structure of the material.
  • #1
Amlesh
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In case FEA we consider ultimate tensile strength to decide whether component will fail OR pass why ultimate tensile strength is lesser than youngs modulus? Example for copper UTS is 245 MPa n youngs moduls 131000MPa. Why it is like this?

Regards,
Amlesh
 
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  • #2
The UTS is the stress at which the component/material will fracture.

The Modulus of Elasticity or Young's modulus is the ratio of the stress to strain for the elastic region of the stress-strain curve of the material.

Where did you get those values for copper?
 
  • #3
Rock,

Many thanks for quick reply.

By the way, I got this coper value from one of our vendor.
 
  • #4
The compressive strength and young modulus are different quantities, measuring different properties. They do have the same unit but they are still different. So comparing their values is a little meaningless.
Like saying that the torque of a given force (in Nm) is less (or more) than the work done by the force over a given distance (also in Nm).

I am not saying that is not interesting to look at the values, as long as you know their meaning.
Actually the so called theoretical strength of many metals was found to be between E/20 and E/5, (if I remember correctly) where E is Young's modulus. These are calculated from crystal structure and bond strength, for a perfect crystal. So it seems that there is a general tendency to have UTS "less" than E, in value.
The measured UTS values are a lot less than predicted by this rule of thumb, due to defects in structure.
 
Last edited:
  • #5
nasu said:
So it seems that there is a general tendency to have UTS "less" than E, in value.
You can think of Young's Modulus as the elastic stress when the strain is 1 (i.e. the length of the object has doubled). Not many materials can double in length and remain perfectly elastic, so the UTS of most materials is numerically less than E.
 
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  • #6
Dear All,

Thanks for quick reply.
 

Related to Youngs modulus vs Ultimate tensile strength

What is Young's modulus?

Young's modulus, also known as the modulus of elasticity, is a measure of the stiffness of a material. It is defined as the ratio of stress (force per unit area) to strain (change in length per unit length) in the elastic region of the material. It is represented by the symbol E and is typically measured in units of gigapascals (GPa) or pounds per square inch (psi).

What is Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS)?

Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand before it breaks or fails. It is an important measure of a material's strength and is typically measured in units of megapascals (MPa) or pounds per square inch (psi).

What is the difference between Young's modulus and Ultimate Tensile Strength?

The main difference between Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength is that Young's modulus measures the stiffness or elasticity of a material, while ultimate tensile strength measures the maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking. Young's modulus is a measure of the material's response to stress, whereas ultimate tensile strength is a measure of its maximum strength.

How are Young's modulus and Ultimate Tensile Strength related?

Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength are both measures of a material's strength, but they are not directly related. A material with a higher Young's modulus will generally be stiffer and less likely to deform under a given amount of stress, but it may not necessarily have a higher ultimate tensile strength. Likewise, a material with a higher ultimate tensile strength may not necessarily have a higher Young's modulus.

Why is it important to know Young's modulus and Ultimate Tensile Strength of a material?

Knowing the Young's modulus and ultimate tensile strength of a material is important for understanding its mechanical properties and determining its suitability for various applications. For example, a material with a high Young's modulus may be more suitable for structural applications, while a material with a high ultimate tensile strength may be more suitable for applications that require resistance to high stresses or loads.

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