The founder of Christian philosophy is traditionally considered to be Saint Augustine of Hippo, who lived in the 4th and 5th centuries. He was a theologian, philosopher, and bishop who combined classical Greek philosophy with Christian theology to develop a comprehensive worldview.
Some key ideas in Christian philosophy include the existence of God as the ultimate source of all reality, the concept of free will and moral responsibility, the nature of the human soul and its relationship to the body, and the idea of a divine plan for the universe.
Christian philosophy offers various explanations for the existence of evil in the world, including the idea of free will and the Fall of Man, the concept of moral growth and development, and the belief that God allows evil in order to bring about greater good.
One key aspect that sets Christian philosophy apart is its foundation in the belief in a personal, transcendent God who is intimately involved in the world and in human lives. This differs from many other philosophical systems which may be based on impersonal forces or abstract concepts.
Yes, there are many modern philosophers who have contributed to Christian philosophy, including Alvin Plantinga, Richard Swinburne, and William Lane Craig. These philosophers have used contemporary tools and methods to explore and defend traditional Christian ideas and arguments.