- #1
akashpandey
- 90
- 4
Plzz explain me molecular orbital& relation beetween atomic
Molecular orbital theory is a model used in chemistry to describe the electronic structure of molecules. It combines the principles of quantum mechanics and the concept of atomic orbitals to explain the bonding and properties of molecules.
Molecular orbital theory differs from valence bond theory in the way it describes the bonding between atoms. Valence bond theory focuses on the overlapping of atomic orbitals to form bonds, while molecular orbital theory considers the entire molecule as a whole and describes the bonding in terms of the distribution of electrons in molecular orbitals.
Bonding molecular orbitals are formed by constructive interference between atomic orbitals, resulting in a lower energy state and a stable bond. Antibonding molecular orbitals, on the other hand, are formed by destructive interference and have higher energy, making them unstable and less likely to contribute to bonding.
Molecular orbital theory can be used to predict the stability, reactivity, and electronic properties of molecules. By calculating the energy levels and distribution of electrons in molecular orbitals, we can determine the strength of bonds, the polarity of molecules, and their ability to undergo chemical reactions.
Molecular orbital theory is a simplified model that does not account for the repulsion between electrons and the effects of nuclear motion. It also assumes that electrons are delocalized and do not take into account the directional nature of bonds. Additionally, the calculations involved in molecular orbital theory can be complex and time-consuming, making it difficult to apply to larger molecules.