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gikiian
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u denotes internal energy;
v denotes specific volume;
T denotes temperature.
v denotes specific volume;
T denotes temperature.
Internal energy is the sum of all the microscopic energy in a system, including the kinetic and potential energy of its particles. It is a measure of the total energy contained within a system.
Specific volume is defined as the volume per unit mass of a substance. It is a measure of the amount of space occupied by a unit mass of a substance.
Internal energy is directly proportional to temperature. As the temperature of a system increases, the internal energy also increases. However, the change in internal energy also depends on the specific heat capacity of the substance.
Generally, as the temperature of a substance increases, its specific volume also increases. This is because the particles in the substance have more kinetic energy and are able to occupy more space.
Internal energy is typically measured in joules (J) or calories (cal), specific volume in cubic meters per kilogram (m3/kg), and temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) or Kelvin (K).