Translating English Sentences into Logical Expressions with Nested Quanitifiers

In summary, the conversation is about using quantifiers to express statements related to sending emails and making phone calls among students in a class. The specific statement in question involves finding a student who has not received an email or phone call from anyone else in the class. The answer provided in the book uses the order ∃x∀y(x≠y → (¬M(x,y) ∧ ¬T(y,x))), but the person asking the question suggests that it should be ∃x∀y(x≠y → (¬M(y,x) ∧ ¬T(y,x))) instead. They are seeking clarification on the correct order and whether there is a typo in the book's answer.
  • #1
nicnicman
136
0
Hello everyone,

An example from a homework assignment has me stymied. There are two parts. Here they are:

First part:
Let M(x,y) be "x has sent y an e-mail message" and T(x,y) be "x has telephoned y," where the domain consists of all students in your class. Use quantifiers to express each of these statements. (Assume that all e-mail messages that were sent are received, which is not the way things often work.)

And the statement I'm having problems with:
There is a student in your class who has not received an e-mail message from anyone else in the class and who has not been called by any other student in the class.

Here is the answer from the book:
∃x∀y(x≠y → (¬M(x,y) ∧ ¬T(y,x)))

I agree with everything except for the order of x and y after M.
Why isn't it like this:
∃x∀y(x≠y → (¬M(y,x) ∧ ¬T(y,x)))

After all, since
M(x,y) = x has sent y an email message
and T(x,y) = x has telephoned y
it seems that y should come before x in both instances in the answer.

Could someone please clarify this for me.
Thanks.
 
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  • #3
Huh, must be a typo then. Thanks.
 

Related to Translating English Sentences into Logical Expressions with Nested Quanitifiers

1. What is the purpose of translating English sentences into logical expressions with nested quantifiers?

The purpose of translating English sentences into logical expressions with nested quantifiers is to represent the meaning of the English sentences in a more precise and unambiguous way. This allows for a clearer understanding and analysis of the logical structure of the sentences.

2. What are nested quantifiers and why are they important in logical expressions?

Nested quantifiers are quantifiers (such as "for all" and "there exists") that are used within another quantifier. They are important in logical expressions because they allow for the expression of complex relationships between multiple variables or objects.

3. How do you determine the correct order of nested quantifiers in a logical expression?

The correct order of nested quantifiers in a logical expression is determined by the scope of each quantifier, which is determined by the placement of parentheses. The innermost quantifier has the narrowest scope, followed by the next innermost, and so on. The outermost quantifier has the widest scope.

4. Can any English sentence be translated into a logical expression with nested quantifiers?

No, not all English sentences can be translated into logical expressions with nested quantifiers. Some sentences may have ambiguous or unclear meanings, making it difficult to accurately represent them in logical form. Additionally, some sentences may contain concepts or ideas that cannot be easily translated into logical terms.

5. How can translating English sentences into logical expressions with nested quantifiers be useful in practical applications?

Translating English sentences into logical expressions with nested quantifiers can be useful in practical applications such as artificial intelligence, natural language processing, and database querying. By representing sentences in a logical form, computers can analyze and manipulate the information more easily, allowing for more efficient problem solving and decision making.

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