Superconductors: How Do They Allow Magnetic Propulsion & Levitation?

[logearav]

Homework Statement

folks, in my textbook it has mentioned 1)superconducting magnetic propulsion system plays a role in launching satellites without the help of rocket
2) superconductors are used to levitate trains above the rails and the example is bullet train
i know superconductors are materials which conduct at zero resistance and magnetic lines of flux are completely excluded from the conductor.
but how these applications are achieved?
please explain and help in this regard will be greatly appreciated

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution

 

[NateD]

1) Superconducting Magnetic Propulsion System: A superconducting magnetic propulsion system uses a combination of stationary and moving superconducting magnets to create a powerful electromagnetic field. This field propels the satellite forward and can be used to provide thrust and maneuverability in space. The magnets used in this system are cooled to extremely low temperatures using liquid helium, which allows them to achieve superconductivity. The low temperature also reduces the amount of electrical energy needed to create and maintain the electromagnetic field. 2) Superconducting Maglev Trains: Superconducting maglev trains use magnets to levitate the train above the tracks, providing a frictionless ride. The magnets used are usually made from either copper or niobium-titanium alloys, which have been cooled to near absolute zero temperatures in order to achieve superconductivity. These magnets create an electric current in the tracks, which in turn generates an electromagnetic field that lifts the train into the air. This field is then used to propel the train forward, allowing it to reach speeds of up to 500 km/h.