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Question: For ionization of a homonuclear diatomic, how do the selection rules differ for a nonresonant 2-photon ionization process and a 1-photon ionization process?
Multiphoton ionization is a process in which an atom or molecule is ionized by the absorption of more than one photon. Single-photon ionization, on the other hand, is the process of ionization by the absorption of only one photon.
The selection rules for multiphoton ionization depend on the energy and polarization of the photons involved. Generally, multiphoton ionization is more likely to occur when the photons have a higher energy and are polarized along the same direction.
The selection rules for single-photon ionization are much simpler compared to those for multiphoton ionization. In single-photon ionization, the only important factor is the energy of the photon. The ionization is more likely to occur when the photon has a higher energy.
No, in general, multiphoton ionization requires photons with higher energies. The energy of the photons involved must be sufficient to overcome the binding energy of the electrons in the atom or molecule.
The selection rules determine the probability and efficiency of ionization in both multiphoton and single-photon processes. By understanding these rules, scientists can design experiments to optimize the ionization process for specific purposes, such as studying the structure of molecules or creating new materials.