Probability function being imaginary?

In summary, when considering the probability amplitude of a particle in a superposition state with two eigenfunctions and corresponding eigenvalues, the evolution in time can be described by an equation involving complex numbers. This may lead to a complex probability function, but when the cross terms are added, the imaginary part will cancel out. Therefore, the resulting probability function will be real and can be measured in the real world.
  • #1
Ananthan9470
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Suppose ψ1 and ψ2 are two eigenfunctions of a particle and ε1 and ε2 are the corresponding eigenvalues. If the state is in the superposition Ψ = αψ1 + βψ2 at time t=0, it evolves in time by the equation Ψ = αψ1ei ħ/ε1 t + βψ2ei ħ/ε2 t. I am trying to understand the probability amplitude Ψ*Ψ.If you take Ψ* and multiply with Ψ in the cross terms of ψ1 and ψ2 there will be the exponential part containing the imaginary component i. How is this possible? Shouldnt the probability function, being the square of the wave function always be real so that we have measurable quantity associated with the wave function? If the probability function stops being real, what does that mean in the real world? Thanks!
 
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  • #2
There will be two cross terms one of which is the complex conjugate of the other, if you add them the imaginary part will vanish.
 
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  • #3
blue_leaf77 said:
There will be two cross terms one of which is the complex conjugate of the other, if you add them the imaginary part will vanish.
Thanks a lot! Makes sense!
 

Related to Probability function being imaginary?

1. What is a probability function?

A probability function is a mathematical representation of the likelihood that a certain event or outcome will occur. It assigns a numerical value between 0 and 1 to each possible outcome, with 0 representing impossibility and 1 representing certainty.

2. How can a probability function be imaginary?

A probability function can be imaginary if it involves complex numbers, which have both a real and an imaginary component. This can occur when dealing with multivariate distributions or when using certain mathematical operations, such as the Fourier transform.

3. What is the significance of an imaginary probability function?

An imaginary probability function can be useful in certain theoretical and mathematical contexts, such as in quantum mechanics and signal processing. However, in most practical applications, probability functions are limited to real values.

4. Can an imaginary probability function still be used to make predictions?

Yes, an imaginary probability function can still be used to make predictions. However, the interpretation of the probabilities may be more complex, as they may involve both real and imaginary components. Additionally, care must be taken to ensure that the assumptions and limitations of the function are understood and accounted for in the predictions.

5. Are there any real-life examples of imaginary probability functions?

Yes, there are real-life examples of imaginary probability functions. One example is the use of complex numbers in predicting the behavior of electrical circuits or systems. Another example is in quantum mechanics, where the probability amplitudes used to describe the behavior of particles are complex numbers.

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