Partial fractions: different results from two methods

In summary, the conversation discusses the process of solving a rational expression by finding the appropriate values for A, B, and C. It also mentions the method of using a system of equations to solve for these values. After correcting for some errors, the final solution is given as A = -5/2, B = 3/2, and C = -1.
  • #1
bhoom
15
0
[tex]\frac{-2x^2-x-3}{x^3+2x^2-x-2}=\frac{-2x^2-x-3}{(x-1)(x+1)(x+2)}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x+1}+\frac{C}{x+2}[/tex]


Multiply by common denominator gives:

[tex]-2x^2-x-3=A(x+1)(x+2)+B(x-1)(x+2)+C(x-1)(x+1)\Leftrightarrow[/tex]
[tex]-2x^2-x-3=Ax^2+A3x+A2+Bx^2+Bx-B2+Cx^2-C1[/tex]

System of equations gives

[tex]-2=A+B+C
[/tex][tex]
-1=A+B
[/tex][tex]
-3=A-B-C[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow A=-\frac{5}{2}, B=\frac{3}{2}, C=-1
[/tex]

However, "hand over" method gives:
[tex][x=1]\Rightarrow A=\frac{
-2(1)^2-1-3}{(1+1)(1+2)}=\frac{-6}{6}=-1[/tex][tex][x=-1]\Rightarrow B=\frac{
-2(-1)^2+1-3}{(-1-1)(-1+2)}=\frac{-4}{-2}=2[/tex][tex][x=-2]\Rightarrow C=\frac{
-2(-2)^2+2-3}{(-2-1)(-2+1)}=\frac{-9}{3}=-3[/tex]

Are both solutions correct, if so is that just a coincidence?
Have I made any errors, if so where?
 
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  • #2
bhoom said:
System of equations gives

[tex]-2=A+B+C
[/tex][tex]
-1=A+B
[/tex][tex]-3=A-B-C[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow A=-\frac{5}{2}, B=\frac{3}{2}, C=-1
[/tex]
Looks like here's the problem. You forgot to include some integer coefficients. The system should be this:
[tex]A + B + C = -2
[/tex][tex]3A + B = -1
[/tex][tex]2A - 2B - C = -3[/tex]
 
  • #3
eumyang said:
Looks like here's the problem. You forgot to include some integer coefficients. The system should be this:
[tex]A + B + C = -2
[/tex][tex]3A + B = -1
[/tex][tex]2A - 2B - C = -3[/tex]

Ahh yes. Thanks!
 

Related to Partial fractions: different results from two methods

1. What are partial fractions and why are they important in mathematics?

Partial fractions are a mathematical technique used to decompose a rational function into simpler fractions. They are important because they allow us to solve complex integrals and differential equations, and also have applications in engineering and physics.

2. What are the two methods used to find partial fraction decompositions?

The two methods commonly used to find partial fraction decompositions are the Heaviside cover-up method and the method of undetermined coefficients.

3. Why might the two methods yield different results?

The two methods may yield different results because they use different approaches to solving the problem. The Heaviside cover-up method involves manipulating the original rational function, while the method of undetermined coefficients relies on setting up a system of equations.

4. How can I determine which method to use?

The method you use will depend on the complexity of the rational function and your personal preference. Some people may find the Heaviside cover-up method easier to use, while others may prefer the method of undetermined coefficients.

5. What should I do if I get different results from the two methods?

If you get different results from the two methods, it is important to check your work and make sure there are no errors. If you are confident in your work and still getting different results, it may be helpful to use an online partial fraction calculator or consult with a math tutor for further assistance.

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