Impulse and momentum in an inelastic collision

In summary: Then use the formula delta p = pfinal - pinitial to find the change in momentum. In summary, we discussed a scenario where a cement truck with a mass of 10,000 kg hits a Smart car with a mass of 750 kg. Using the principle of momentum conservation, we found the final velocity of the car to be 6.21 m/s when they stick together after the crash. We also calculated an average acceleration of 445.28 ms^-2 for the car and 33.4 ms^-2 for the truck, making it more preferable to be in the truck during the crash due to experiencing less acceleration. In order to correctly use the formula for calculating the change in momentum, we must consider the initial and
  • #1
runner2392
11
0
Please check my work for the first question. The second and third questions, I'm not 100% sure how to solve them.
A ssume that a cement truck with a mass of 10,000 kg hits you while you were stopped at a traffic light, and that you are driving a Smart car with a mass of 750 kg.

1. If the truck was traveling at 15 mph and the crash makes you stick together (you and the truck have the same final velocity), what is your final velocity? Ignore friction with the road.

Momentum is conserved so Pinitial = Pfinal
15mi/h(1609m/mi)(hr/3600s) = 6.68 m/s
Pinitial = (10,000kg)(6.68 m/s) + 750kg*0 = 66,800
Pfinal = (10,000kg + 750kg)vfinal = 66,800 --> vfinal = 6.21 m/s2. If the crash impact took 0.2 s, what was your average acceleration? Convert it to units of g, the acceleration of gravity.

Since F = delta p/delta t, and delta p = 66,800
For the car,
F = 66,800 / 0.2 s = 333,400 = ma --> 333,400/750 = a = 445.28 ms^-2.

3. Solve the previous problem assuming you are in the cement truck instead of the Smart car. In which vehicle would you rather ride out the crash? Why?
For the truck,
F = 66,800 / 0.2 s = 333,400 = ma --> 333,400/10,000= a = 33.4 ms^-2.
So it would be more preferable to be in the truck because the truck accelerates less?

I'm really not sure whether to use 66800 for the truck's delta p since p doesn't change for the truck. does it? please help!
 
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  • #2
Delta p means the change in momentum, not the total momentum. You need to calculate how much the momentum changed for either vehicle. Calculate the p before impact and after impact for either vehicle.
 

Related to Impulse and momentum in an inelastic collision

1. What is an inelastic collision?

An inelastic collision is a type of collision in which the kinetic energy of the system is not conserved. This means that some of the initial kinetic energy is lost and converted into other forms of energy, such as heat or sound.

2. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions?

In an elastic collision, the kinetic energy of the system is conserved, meaning that the total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision. In an inelastic collision, some of the kinetic energy is lost and converted into other forms of energy.

3. How is momentum conserved in an inelastic collision?

Momentum is always conserved in any type of collision, including inelastic collisions. This means that the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.

4. What is the equation for calculating impulse in an inelastic collision?

The equation for calculating impulse in an inelastic collision is J = Δp, where J is impulse and Δp is the change in momentum of the system.

5. How does the coefficient of restitution affect the outcome of an inelastic collision?

The coefficient of restitution is a measure of how much kinetic energy is conserved in a collision. In an inelastic collision, the coefficient of restitution is less than 1, meaning that some kinetic energy is lost. The lower the coefficient of restitution, the more inelastic the collision and the more kinetic energy is lost.

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