How Do You Calculate Orbital Speed in Different Galactic Density Models?

In summary, the question is asking to calculate the orbital speed and angular velocity for two different density models: (a) a central mass model where all the mass is concentrated at the center of the galaxy, and (b) a constant density model where the mass is distributed up to a certain radius. The solution involves using the equation M(r)=v(r)^2r/G and integrating it for the constant density model.
  • #1
CaptainEvil
99
0
Orbital Speed of a Star - Please Help!

Homework Statement



Calculate [tex]\Omega[/tex](r) and v(r) for the following density models:
(a) all the mass M is at the center of the galaxy;
(b) a constant density adding up to a mass M(R0) at the Sun’s orbit and no mass beyond.


Homework Equations



M(r) = v(r)2r/G


The Attempt at a Solution



a) Using the above eqn, I can rewrite for v(r) = [tex]\sqrt{}GM(r)/r[/tex] but since all the mass M is in the center, it is constant, and M(r) = M so

v(r) = [tex]\sqrt{}GM/r[/tex] and [tex]\Omega[/tex](r) = v(r)/r

b) For a constant density, radius would extend from 0 to R0 and mass would increase from 0 to M(R0). So I'm thinking I have to integrate my equation from part (a) to account for this summation. But I'm a bit lost and don't know how to get it done.

Any help please?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2


That Els Peeters, she's got some tough questions, eh?
 

Related to How Do You Calculate Orbital Speed in Different Galactic Density Models?

What is the orbital speed of a star?

The orbital speed of a star refers to the speed at which a star moves around its center of gravity within a galaxy or planetary system. It is typically measured in kilometers per second (km/s) or miles per second (mi/s).

How is the orbital speed of a star calculated?

The orbital speed of a star can be calculated using Kepler's third law, which states that the square of a planet's orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of its average distance from the star. This can be expressed as v = √(GM/r), where v is the orbital speed, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the star, and r is the distance between the star and its center of gravity.

Does the orbital speed of a star change?

Yes, the orbital speed of a star can change over time due to various factors such as interactions with other stars, gravitational perturbations, and even the expansion of the universe. However, the change in orbital speed is usually very small and difficult to detect.

Can the orbital speed of a star be greater than the speed of light?

No, according to Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. Therefore, the orbital speed of a star cannot exceed the speed of light.

How does the orbital speed of a star affect its lifespan?

The orbital speed of a star does not directly affect its lifespan. However, a star's orbital speed can determine its distance from other stars and planets, which can impact its formation, evolution, and eventual fate. For example, a star with a high orbital speed may have a shorter lifespan due to faster consumption of its fuel supply, while a star with a lower orbital speed may have a longer lifespan.

Similar threads

  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
888
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
15
Views
2K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
627
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
1K
Back
Top