How can larger dips in absorption line give more element

In summary, the conversation discusses how the length and depth of dips on a spectrum graph indicate the presence of certain elements. However, there is confusion about how to determine which element is present based on the size of the dip. The speaker also mentions how a completely black spectrum around Mg and Fe could indicate the presence of both elements or just one in large quantities. Lastly, they mention the symmetry of broadening and how it can help determine whether an object contains a composite of elements or just one.
  • #1
Phys12
351
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So I just learned that in a spectrum like this one:

solar_spectra_graph.jpg

(For now, let's concentrate on the graph given below.)

The longer the dip is in the graph, the more the corresponding element is present. However, if each individual color corresponds to a different element, then how can a larger dip mean more of that element. As far as I know, when we take a spectra, we usually get something as it's given in the figure above the graph (the rainbow colored spectra) and I observe that deeper the dip is, more is the blackening in that colored spectrum. But how do we really know that the dip really corresponds to the same element?

If we get a spectrum which is completely black for 1 cm. around Mg and Fe. This would show in the graph as a big dip which stays for a long time. Then what can we deduce about the object we're looking at? Does it have both Mg and Fe a lot or does it have a lot of Mg?
 
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  • #2
Broadening is symmetrical. If it would have only Mg, or only Fe the band would be centered around a different point than if it were a composite.
 

Related to How can larger dips in absorption line give more element

What causes larger dips in absorption lines?

There are several factors that can contribute to larger dips in absorption lines. One of the main factors is the abundance of the element being studied. If there is a higher concentration of the element in the sample, the absorption lines will be deeper and more pronounced.

Can the strength of an absorption line indicate the presence of a specific element?

Yes, the strength of an absorption line can provide valuable information about the presence and abundance of a specific element. By comparing the depth and shape of the absorption line to known standards, scientists can identify which element is being observed.

How can larger dips in absorption lines give more information about an element?

Larger dips in absorption lines can provide more information about an element because they allow for more precise measurements. By analyzing the depth and shape of the absorption line, scientists can determine the abundance, temperature, and other properties of the element being studied.

Are there any limitations to using absorption lines to study elements?

While absorption lines can provide valuable information about elements, there are some limitations to this method. For example, if the sample being studied is too hot or too dense, the absorption lines may become broad and less distinct, making it difficult to accurately measure the properties of the element.

How do scientists use absorption lines to study elements in distant objects?

Scientists use a technique called spectroscopy to study the absorption lines of elements in distant objects. This involves analyzing the light emitted from the object and looking for specific patterns and dips in the spectrum, which can then be used to identify and study the elements present in the object.

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