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Thermal energy is the energy that an object or a system has due to the movement and vibration of its particles. It is also known as heat energy and is measured in Joules (J).
Thermal energy is directly proportional to temperature. This means that the higher the temperature, the more thermal energy an object or system has. However, the amount of thermal energy also depends on the mass and material of the object.
Thermal energy is the total energy of all the particles in an object or system, while heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another due to a temperature difference. In other words, thermal energy is the potential energy stored in an object, while heat is the energy in motion.
Thermal energy is measured in Joules (J) using instruments such as a calorimeter or a thermometer. The amount of thermal energy can also be calculated using the equation Q = mcΔT, where Q is the thermal energy, m is the mass of the object, c is the specific heat capacity of the material, and ΔT is the temperature change.
Thermal energy is used in various applications, such as heating homes and buildings, cooking food, generating electricity, and powering engines. It is also important in industries such as manufacturing, transportation, and healthcare. Additionally, thermal energy is harnessed for renewable energy sources like solar and geothermal power.