The pulse energy in Nd:yaq lasers is calculated using the formula E = h * c / λ, where E is the energy of the pulse, h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of the laser. The Nd:yaq laser produces pulses with a fixed energy, so this calculation is used to determine the energy of each individual pulse.
The pulse energy in Nd:yaq lasers can be affected by various factors, such as the pump power, the pulse repetition rate, and the optical efficiency of the laser. These factors can be adjusted to optimize the pulse energy for different applications.
The pulse duration in Nd:yaq lasers is typically measured using a high-speed oscilloscope. The laser produces a train of pulses, and the duration of each individual pulse can be measured by capturing the waveform on the oscilloscope. The pulse duration is typically reported as the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the pulse.
In Nd:yaq lasers, the pulse energy and pulse duration are inversely proportional. This means that as the pulse energy increases, the pulse duration decreases and vice versa. This relationship is due to the conservation of energy in the laser system.
The pulse energy and pulse duration in Nd:yaq lasers can be controlled by adjusting the pump power, the pulse repetition rate, and the optical efficiency of the laser. Changing these parameters can also affect other laser properties, such as the beam quality and mode structure.