A vector field is an assignment of a vector to all the points in a region of space-time, like the classic electric or magnetic fields. The basic quantum fields assign an operator to points of space-time, operators which, when acting on quantum states, increase or decrease the number of field...
Well, it is actually the Dirac equation, but the Schroedinger equation (with the spin degree of freedom tacked on) is a good non-relativistic reduction.
Solve the Schroedinger equation in the three regions. You get a term proportional to cos(k*x) inside the well, a term proportional to exp(-q*x) in the region x>W/2 and a term proportional to exp(q*x) in the region x<W/2. Apply symmetry and match values and first derivatives of wave functions at...
This looks correct, except that the term in the last line of equation (1) proportional to A*phi should be A^2*phi.. The term involving the 4-divergence of the vector potential can be set to zero by adopting a particular gauge.
You are correct. The electron is never detected as a wave - it is always registered as a "detector click", a particle. What is waving is the quantized electron field. The electron is an excitation of that field, as the photon is an excitation of the electromagnetic field. In a given experimental...
I assume you mean that you are off by a "term", not by a "factor". You can't be off from zero by a factor.
The wave functions are written with a dimensionless normalization, meaning that you are working with a dimensionless displacement. The current operator, however, is written assuming the...